All Questions
734
questions
3792
votes
14
answers
2.5m
views
851
votes
10
answers
358k
views
What's the difference between a module and package in Python?
What's the difference between a module and package in Python?
See also: What's the difference between "package" and "module"? (for other languages)
- 9,293
447
votes
24
answers
1.0m
views
Python 3: ImportError "No Module named Setuptools"
I'm having troubles with installing packages in Python 3.
I have always installed packages with setup.py install. But now, when I try to install the ansicolors package I get:
importerror "No ...
- 4,473
381
votes
6
answers
211k
views
What is the purpose of the -m switch?
Could you explain to me what the difference is between calling
python -m mymod1 mymod2.py args
and
python mymod1.py mymod2.py args
It seems in both cases mymod1.py is called and sys.argv is
['...
- 22.7k
207
votes
3
answers
186k
views
Execution of Python code with -m option or not [duplicate]
The python interpreter has -m module option that "Runs library module module as a script".
With this python code a.py:
if __name__ == "__main__":
print __package__
print __name__
I tested ...
- 188k
207
votes
15
answers
537k
views
Can't import my own modules in Python
I'm having a hard time understanding how module importing works in Python (I've never done it in any other language before either).
Let's say I have:
myapp/__init__.py
myapp/myapp/myapp.py
myapp/...
user623990
191
votes
4
answers
144k
views
Can I use __init__.py to define global variables?
I want to define a constant that should be available in all of the submodules of a package. I've thought that the best place would be in in the __init__.py file of the root package. But I don't know ...
- 4,772
181
votes
5
answers
245k
views
Go update all modules
Using this module as an example (using a specific commit so others will see
what I see):
git clone git://github.com/walles/moar
Set-Location moar
git checkout d24acdbf
I would like a way to tell Go ...
- 1
137
votes
12
answers
167k
views
Is there a standard way to list names of Python modules in a package?
Is there a straightforward way to list the names of all modules in a package, without using __all__?
For example, given this package:
/testpkg
/testpkg/__init__.py
/testpkg/modulea.py
/testpkg/...
- 37.9k
135
votes
7
answers
113k
views
List all the modules that are part of a python package?
Is there a straightforward way to find all the modules that are part of a python package? I've found this old discussion, which is not really conclusive, but I'd love to have a definite answer before ...
- 55.2k
133
votes
4
answers
128k
views
Whats the difference between a module and a library in Python?
I have background in Java and I am new to Python. I want to make sure I understand correctly Python terminology before I go ahead.
My understanding of a module is: a script which can be imported by ...
- 2,073
129
votes
3
answers
210k
views
Python: importing a sub‑package or sub‑module
Having already use flat packages, I was not expecting the issue I encountered with nested packages. Here is…
Directory layout
dir
|
+-- test.py
|
+-- package
|
+-- __init__.py
|...
- 7,030
127
votes
13
answers
170k
views
What is the most compatible way to install python modules on a Mac?
I'm starting to learn python and loving it. I work on a Mac mainly as well as Linux. I'm finding that on Linux (Ubuntu 9.04 mostly) when I install a python module using apt-get it works fine. I can ...
- 13.3k
124
votes
6
answers
164k
views
Python: import module from another directory at the same level in project hierarchy
I've seen all sorts of examples and other similar questions, but I can't seem to find an example that exactly matches my scenario. I feel like a total goon asking this because there are so many ...
- 6,994
91
votes
3
answers
38k
views
How python deals with module and package having the same name?
Suppose I have a module foo.py and a package foo/. If I call
import foo
which one will be loaded? How can I specify I want to load the module, or the package?
- 22.7k
86
votes
3
answers
83k
views
How to install my own python module (package) via conda and watch its changes
I have a file mysql.py, which I use in almost all of my projects. Since I do not want to copy and paste the same file into each of these projects I wrote a module - possibly a package in the future.
...
- 1,697
67
votes
2
answers
43k
views
using __init__.py
I am having difficulty understanding the usage scenarios or design goals of python's __init__.py files in my projects.
Assume that I have 'model' directory (refers as a package) which contains the ...
user90150
63
votes
5
answers
40k
views
Python: import the containing package
In a module residing inside a package, i have the need to use a function defined within the __init__.py of that package. how can i import the package within the module that resides within the package, ...
guy
61
votes
3
answers
39k
views
Organizing Python classes in modules and/or packages
I like the Java convention of having one public class per file, even if there are sometimes good reasons to put more than one public class into a single file. In my case I have alternative ...
- 91.3k
57
votes
5
answers
68k
views
What's the difference between "package" and "module"?
I use Java where we only have packages. I know there are other programming languages that also include modules.
What's the difference?
- 198k
56
votes
7
answers
38k
views
How to reference python package when filename contains a period
I am using django and I have a file named models.admin.py and I want to do the following idea in models.py:
from "models.admin" import *
however, I get a syntax error for having double quotes. But ...
- 40.1k
52
votes
4
answers
35k
views
How to organize multiple python files into a single module without it behaving like a package?
Is there a way to use __init__.py to organize multiple files into a module?
Reason: Modules are easier to use than packages, because they don't have as many layers of namespace.
Normally it makes a ...
- 923
50
votes
5
answers
27k
views
The Pythonic way of organizing modules and packages
I come from a background where I normally create one file per class. I organize common classes under directories as well. This practice is intuitive to me and it has been proven to be effective in C++,...
- 50.3k
44
votes
3
answers
23k
views
Libraries, projects, modules and packages in Intellij Idea
I'm a beginner programmer and I'm learning how to work with Intellij IDEA. A project in IntelliJ IDEA has some different structures like libraries, modules and packages.
Can someone explain what the ...
39
votes
1
answer
28k
views
Flask('application') versus Flask(__name__)
In the official Quickstart, it's recommended to use __name__ when using a single module:
... If you are using a single module (as in this example), you should use __name__ because depending on ...
- 15.8k
39
votes
1
answer
16k
views
When or why to use relative imports in Python [duplicate]
Are there any rules or guidelines concerning when to use relative imports in Python? I see them in use all the time, such as in the Flask web framework. When searching for this topic, I only see ...
- 6,019
34
votes
3
answers
9k
views
How to structure python packages without repeating top level name for import
I'm brand new at python package management, and surely have done something wrong. I was encouraged to create a directory structure as follows:
bagoftricks
├── bagoftricks
│ ├── bagoftricks
│ │ ...
- 19.4k
34
votes
1
answer
82k
views
Running a python package [duplicate]
Running Python 2.6.1 on OSX, will deploy to CentOS. Would like to have a package to be invoked from a command line like this:
python [-m] tst
For that, here is the directory structure made:
$...
- 4,661
32
votes
10
answers
10k
views
How do YOU manage Perl modules when using a package manager?
A recent question here on SO got me thinking.
On most Linux distributions that I tried, some Perl modules would be available through the package manager. Others, of course, not. For quite a while I ...
- 47.7k
32
votes
6
answers
42k
views
How to reference to the top-level module in Python inside a package?
In the below hierachy, is there a convenient and universal way to reference to the top_package using a generic term in all .py file below? I would like to have a consistent way to import other modules,...
- 10.3k
30
votes
1
answer
102k
views
How to pass arguments to main function within Python module?
I have recently started learning more about Python Packages and Modules. I'm currently busy updating my existing modules so that that can be run as script or imported as a module into my other code. I'...
- 1,125
28
votes
4
answers
59k
views
How To Reduce Python Script Memory Usage
I have a very large python script, 200K, that I would like to use as little memory as possible. It looks something like:
# a lot of data structures
r = [34, 78, 43, 12, 99]
# a lot of functions ...
- 339
26
votes
6
answers
25k
views
How can I properly use relative or absolute imports in Python modules? [duplicate]
Usage of relative imports in Python has one drawback; you will not be able to run the modules as standalones anymore, because you will get an exception:
ValueError: Attempted relative import in non-...
- 167k
25
votes
4
answers
10k
views
How to only import sub module without exec __init__.py in the package
When import sub module from a package, the __init__.py file in the package folder will be exec first, how can I disable this. Sometimes I only need one function in a package, import the whole package ...
- 96.5k
22
votes
4
answers
16k
views
Python modules with identical names (i.e., reusing standard module names in packages)
Suppose I have a package that contains modules:
SWS/
__init.py__
foo.py
bar.py
time.py
and the modules need to refer to functions contained in one another. It seems like I run into problems ...
- 3,305
22
votes
1
answer
28k
views
What's the difference between module, package and library in Haskell?
What's the difference between module, package and library in Haskell?
From http://www.haskell.org/ghc/docs/latest/html/libraries/base/Prelude.html
Prelude: a standard module imported by default into ...
- 4,305
22
votes
3
answers
15k
views
How to check if a module/library/package is part of the python standard library?
I have installed sooo many libraries/modules/packages with pip and now I cannot differentiate which is native to the python standard library and which is not. This causes problem when my code works on ...
- 120k
21
votes
2
answers
45k
views
How does Python import modules from .egg files?
How can I open __init__.pyc here?
>>> import stompservice
<module 'stompservice' from 'C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\stompservice-0.1.0-py2.5.egg\stompservice\__init__.pyc'>
...
- 44.2k
20
votes
2
answers
43k
views
python import module from parent package
I have the following directory structure
foo/
__init__.py
settings.py
bar/
__init__.py
myfile.py
In myfile.py I have:
import settings
I get the following error: ...
- 10.7k
19
votes
2
answers
8k
views
Android Studio Copy Module
I am trying to make a copy of a module in Android Studio, to make small changes. How can I do that? I found several solution but i did not get any to work. Instead of posting my questions in several ...
- 810
19
votes
3
answers
11k
views
how can I force npm 3 to install nested dependencies?
I just upgraded to npm version 3 and noticed one of the biggest changes it made is that it enforces a flat dependency tree.
Your dependencies will now be installed maximally flat. Insofar as is ...
- 9,098
19
votes
1
answer
21k
views
Go and namespaces: is it possible to achieve something similar to Python?
I wonder if there is a way to use namespaces in the Go language in a similar way as Python does.
In Python if I have the following files containing functions:
/a.py
def foo():
/b.py
def bar()...
- 4,929
18
votes
2
answers
72k
views
How do I install python packages with poetry?
Im migrating projects to poetry but have a problem here.
This is simple project, not many modules needed. I installed poetry, used poetry add to add few packages required and then ran poetry install ...
- 1,221
15
votes
2
answers
35k
views
AttributeError: module '' has no attribute '__path__'
I'm having a problem which I have no idea how to further debug.
I have a project with different purposes, making use of Python 3 among other things.
I created a Python package named package.
The ...
- 1,798
15
votes
2
answers
554
views
Python: what does "import" prefer - modules or packages?
Suppose in the current directory there is a file named somecode.py, and a directory named somecode which contains an __init__.py file. Now I run some other Python script from this directory which ...
- 153
14
votes
7
answers
13k
views
How can I update all npm packages/modules at once?
I'm struggling to find a way to update all npm packages in one go, some articles suggest that package.json file should be edited where all version numbers need to be changed to * therefore forcing ...
- 45.7k
14
votes
2
answers
6k
views
What is the difference between "package" and "module" in Kotlin?
In terms of Kotlin, what is the difference between a package and a module?
When it comes to visibility modifiers for top-level code, the internal modifier only allows accessibility for code inside ...
- 415
14
votes
6
answers
15k
views
Error publishing a new version of a package in npm
I'm trying to republish a package using npm. I did update the package version in package.json, yet I get the following error:
npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 404
npm ERR! Windows_NT 6.3.9600
npm ERR! ...
- 3,349
14
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Why does "import module" and then "from package import module" load the module again?
I have a package in my PYTHONPATH that looks something like this:
package/
__init__.py
module.py
print 'Loading module'
If I'm running Python from the package/ directory (or writing ...
- 10.9k
13
votes
4
answers
4k
views
How to keep submodule names out of the name space of a Python package?
I want the interface of some module to contain a certain number of functions and classes (and nothing else). I could implement all of those in a single file, and would easily get the interface I want....
- 593k