Questions tagged [stack-memory]
Questions regarding process stack memory. Generally, stack memory is sequentially allocated, scoped to successive function calls, and normally referenced by the CPU using a stack pointer register.
stack-memory
1,036
questions
-6
votes
0
answers
76
views
Static variables in C++ [duplicate]
Where are static variables allocated in C++? On the stack or the heap?
Also, I read in 7.9 — The stack and the heap that all memory allocated on the stack is known at compile time. Is it true? Does it ...
-2
votes
0
answers
51
views
c++ heap vs stack allocation for append function call [duplicate]
If I have a string in C++:
std:string a = std:string("haha");
Does it get allocated on the stack since it's a local variable? Or since it's the std::string type, does it directly go on the ...
0
votes
1
answer
67
views
How does array padding works in Stack?
The following question refers to x86 assembly, and little endianness.
Suppose I have the following code in C:
unsigned char myID[10] = "211866744";
How will this array be saved in memory?
...
- 53
-3
votes
2
answers
63
views
Define/Initialize Vectors on Stack vs Heap [closed]
I declare two vectors in my class header file as follows:
struct MYDATA
{
uint8_t A = 0;
uint8_t B = 0;
};
std::vector<MYDATA> vector1;
std::vector<MYDATA> *vector2 = new std::...
- 31
-3
votes
1
answer
76
views
How is Numpy able to get an array size at run-time?
In C++ the size of an array must be determined at the compile-time.
I want to write a simple code in C++, say, to do a naive matrix multiplication with itself (for a matrix that is square in size) and ...
- 2,732
2
votes
2
answers
91
views
If the stack grows downwards, how does it not overlap with other stuff in the address space?
I realized I never really thought of this.
If I made a large enough recursive call chain, wouldn't the stack eventually grow down enough that it will overlap with other things, like shared libraries (...
- 167
0
votes
1
answer
60
views
Stack size in relation to virtual memory
In our Operating Systems class we mentioned virtual memory as a mechanism that abstracts physical memory to a process, and that it looks something like this (per process):
The stack grows down the ...
- 27
5
votes
1
answer
88
views
Why does the Stack Pointer in MIPS Typically Start at 0x7FFFFFFC but not 0x80000000?
According to Patterson & Hennessy's Computer Organization and Design (MIPS Edition),
the stack pointer $sp is typically initialized to 0x7FFFFFFC.
the stack pointer $sp is always pointing at the ...
0
votes
2
answers
101
views
Does Stack being limited in size mean i can only get limited pointers to objects in heap?
if stack size is 1MB, does that mean i can only get less than 1000000/8 pointers to allocate ints in heap? (considering 1MB free stack) yeah i know you might not want to make that many individual ints ...
- 139
-3
votes
2
answers
120
views
Why is there no time cost to large stack allocations
I tried this quick-bench test and I'm finding that it's the same cost timewise to allocate 200 bytes as it is to allocate 2000000 bytes.
How could that possibly be?
- 66.6k
0
votes
0
answers
12
views
How to assign the stack/heap area into the external ram
How could I assign the stack/heap area into the external RAM on the KEIL SDK.
My scatter file is like the following.
LR_IROM1 0x01008000 0x00400000 { ; load region size_region
ER_IROM1 ...
- 117
0
votes
0
answers
38
views
With what part of the program are the stack and heap associated?
I understanding the stack, the LIFO working principle, memory allocation on the heap and stuff. My question is, where does this exists ?
Is there a dedicated region on the ram for the stack ? Or is it ...
- 1
0
votes
3
answers
106
views
Get stack trace from ELF and stack hex
I'm working on a core dump mechanism for STM32 mcus running FreeRTOS.
I managed to extract the stack of the running tasks, and transmit it to a server where a python script writes it into a hex file. ...
- 43
-3
votes
1
answer
82
views
pointers from heap and instances from stack C++ [closed]
My purpose is to determine if I should deallocate using delete a variable to a pointer stored in a linked list...
I had the idea to consider that any pointer allocated in the heap will be strictly ...
0
votes
0
answers
54
views
"Symbol not defined : @STACK " error in ASM code for 8086. Compiled using DOSBOX ,MASM
This is a code to add all numbers between 50 and 150 and display the result in decimal form.I have created the stack segment .STACK 32 to store the remainders to convert the hex result to decimal ...
-4
votes
1
answer
91
views
C-Dynamic Memory Allocation
typedef struct {
double x;
double y;
} point;
point p1;
point* p2 = malloc(sizeof(point));
In this code where the variables p1,p2,p1.x, and p2->x are stored in stack or heap memory?
Where ...
0
votes
0
answers
43
views
Why doesn't pushing a character to the stack without an explicit nul-char look like an underfined behaviour? [duplicate]
The following snippet comes from the lesson 7 on asmtutor.com :
;------------------------------------------
; void sprintLF(String message)
; String printing with line feed function
sprintLF:
call ...
- 15k
0
votes
1
answer
70
views
Buffer Overflow: Why does buffer assignment impact other variables?
void foo() {
int value = 0;
char buf[4];
buf[4] = 1;
printf("value: %d\n", value);
}
int main() {
foo();
return 0;
}
Why does 'value' print 1?
I believe this has ...
- 3
1
vote
1
answer
161
views
Aarch64 is there a Red Zone on Linux, If so 16 or 128 bytes?
There doesn't seem to be any mention of a "Red Zone" for Aarch64 in the ABI, but Microsoft makes reference to a 16-byte red zone for Aarch64, Apple claims a 128-byte red zone in Writing ...
- 83.6k
0
votes
0
answers
29
views
Issue with Assembly Code: Program Crashes at movb store to stack memory (%esp) [duplicate]
I am currently learning assembly and I am trying to write a simple program. I have the following code:
.global do_main
.section .text
do_main:
sub $4, %esp
movb $'H', (%esp)
movb $'e', 1(%...
- 394
-3
votes
1
answer
94
views
Placing value on stack using alloca function or static keyword
I have an abstract "x vs y" question. In C programming language if I have some small amount of data which I want to store somewhere in RAM, I suppose typical options are the next ones:
to ...
- 61
0
votes
1
answer
120
views
How objects are created and initialized in detail
I don't understand the logic of why the code results in stackOverFlow error:
public class Human {
private String name;
private int age = 30;
private Human human = new Human();
...
- 9
0
votes
0
answers
43
views
Use of Stack/Heap outside of programming
If I understand correctly, the RAM is virtually divided into stack and heap. Stack takes primitive types/functions etc and Heap deals with the reference types and objects. Stack follows the LIFO ...
- 1
1
vote
1
answer
90
views
How to do pattern matching with boxed enum? [duplicate]
i have an enum where i have to perform pattern matching. But since i am running the program on VM which has limited stack memory ( < 4Kb ), i allocated the enum on the heap using Box. But while ...
- 145
0
votes
0
answers
121
views
How to allocate a separate stack for a function manually in C++?
I am trying to allocate a new stack on the heap in C++ for a function using VirtualAlloc. While debugging, I noticed that the rsp value for my function can either increase or decrease relative to the ...
- 1
0
votes
0
answers
24
views
How do I get more stack space for g++
I'm trying to allocate 3 fairly large matrices using g++ on a MacBook pro 2019 model running Monterrey 12.7.1 with 8GB "main" memory.
The purpose of this code to compare C++ to Octave.
Here'...
0
votes
0
answers
61
views
I can't use RSP to reference the end of the stack
in my system (x86_64), when I'm using GDB, both RBP and RSP point to the same memory address after pushing a new stack frame, therefore I can't reference the end of the stack with the register RSP ...
- 5
1
vote
0
answers
390
views
Uncaught RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded (functionjs.js)
I'm trying to build a recruitment management website (nodejs), but when I'm almost done I get this error:
Uncaught RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded. functionjs.js
Here is my functionjs.js ...
- 19
2
votes
2
answers
126
views
How to pass big data from a factory to a constructor with neither dynamic memory nor unnecessary copies?
Runge-Kutta schemes consist of an algorithm, implemented in Scheme, and a piece of data, called Table (Butcher tableau).
For the construction of a scheme, we want consumers to use the syntax
Scheme s =...
- 77
1
vote
0
answers
34
views
How to get address range of a process stack in MacOS?
I'm debugging a program that has many alloca and triggers EXC_BAD_ACCESS (with -msanitize=address) or crashes __chkstk_darwin (without compiler sanitizer). I want to know the valid stack address range ...
- 2,017
0
votes
3
answers
97
views
How does my OS know if a defined variable is initialized or not?
At the moment I am messing around a little bit with Sorting Algorithms in C. In the course of this I have run into the following problem:
I have defined an int array with
int array[LENGTH];
where ...
- 67
3
votes
2
answers
113
views
How can I declare an array of pointers with blocks of NULL elems
I'm using an array of functions pointers, and I'd like to use it directly with their associated event IDs.
Problem is, event IDs start from 0x10 to 0x1C, and from 0x90 to 0xA5.
I don't want to write ...
- 43
1
vote
2
answers
209
views
STM32F0 - question about memory (Stack, heap)
I am bit confused about the stack and heap memory of STM32 microcontrolers (cortex M0).
Firstly, they are part of RAM, but are they part of RAM size described in the datasheet ?
Secondly, if I reduce ...
- 21
0
votes
1
answer
120
views
Why are some smaller embedded devices unable to run an operating system (and what exactly do they run off of instead)?
For context, this was taken from an excerpt in a book:
Finally, sometimes you can't even use heap memory! If you are programming in Rust for a small embedded device, you are going to have to use only ...
- 2,447
0
votes
1
answer
129
views
Is there a way to calculate the bytes allocated to the stack frame of a function?
I have been given this code in C and I need to calculate the bytes allocated to the stack frame of function arith. I looked everywhere for a way to do it but everyone has a different answer.
long ...
0
votes
0
answers
84
views
Problem with displaying stack values in a loop
rephrased the question
Getting segmentation fault right after last printf after iterating and displaying stack values (2 iterations for simplicity purposes).
Just trying to display hex value on the ...
- 25
0
votes
1
answer
262
views
Memory Organization: Where Are Classes and Methods Stored?
I'm looking to understand the organization of memory in my programming language, which consists of four primary areas: stack, heap, code, and data. However, I'm unclear about where the programming ...
1
vote
2
answers
163
views
How to recognize if object is on the stack or heap memory
I have recently received a university assignment for my Data Structures course, which requires me to create a doubly linked list in C++.
While working on my doubly linked list, I needed to implement ...
- 85
1
vote
1
answer
317
views
how the local variable are stored and returned in memory (python)?
I always used python without thinking its memory management. But, I have a big question about how it deals memory.
def func1():
local_var = 1
print(id(local_var)) # memory address of ...
- 13
4
votes
1
answer
408
views
Does the red zone still exist even if we use the -mno-red-zone flag in gcc?
My system: Ubuntu 22.04.3 running on x86_64. GCC version 11.4.0
I've read that the System V ABI mandates the red zone. From the GCC manual:
The red zone is mandated by the x86-64 ABI, it is a 128-...
- 421
1
vote
1
answer
99
views
Does the System V ABI on Ubuntu place the return address within the caller function's frame or the callee function's frame?
My system : Ubuntu 22.04.3 running on x86_64. GCC version 11.4.0
I'm asking this because it seems like there are two different representations of the return address as far as the frame it is within ( ...
- 421
0
votes
1
answer
78
views
Get parameter value in Assembly
I'm a beginner in Assembly, so I'm confused about passing parameters in function call from another function. Specifically I have code like this:
Assembly:
bar:
pushl %ebp
movl %esp, %ebp
subl $...
- 17
1
vote
1
answer
95
views
Why is it that the rsp register is not decremented in a leaf function as it is at the beginning of any other functions? [duplicate]
Here's some information about my system:
Ubuntu 22.04.3 running on Intel x86_64;
ggc version 11.4.0;
I've noticed that the rsp register is not decremented in leaf functions as it is in non leaf ...
- 421
0
votes
1
answer
136
views
If Heap is dynamic then why it is placed in between stack and data area
I am currently learning about Operating systems and got struck at this.
If the size of Heap area is dynamic then why it is placed at the bottom of the stack.
If size of the heap increase will the ...
4
votes
1
answer
153
views
Why does Go use less memory for a slice of length 100k, than for an array of length 100k?
Consider the following code where I allocate 4 thousand arrays, each of length 100k:
parentMap := make(map[int][100_000]int)
for i := 0; i < 4000; i++ {
parentMap[i] = [100_000]int{}...
- 711
0
votes
0
answers
15
views
Memory Allocation of Instance Variables
When we tell objects are created in heap memory and referenced in stack memory.
The reference to the Objects are in stack but where do the Instance variables lie.
Does each object have a collection on ...
2
votes
0
answers
31
views
x64 assembly code: Can I expect a value not allocated in the stack to remain without alteration? [duplicate]
Suppose that I have these two consecutive x64 instructions (running under Windows platform):
ADD RSP, 8
MOV RAX, QWORD PTR [RSP - 8]
As you see it's the equivalent to POP RAX. The location of [RSP - ...
- 359
2
votes
1
answer
610
views
Error: C stack usage is too close to the limit, doing simple operation without recursion
I am running a script with fairly simple series of operations, converting some dates to Unix time, then adding these together.
There is no recursion here, but I am getting a
Error: C stack usage is ...
- 33
0
votes
1
answer
64
views
Stack Initialization Problem in Real Mode: How to Properly Initialize the stack?
I am writing a simple boot loader in x86 assembly, here is the code for it :
org 0x7C00
section boot start=0x7C00
; initializing the stack
mov ax,0xF000
mov ss,ax
mov sp,0xFFFF
mov bp,0xFFFF
; ...
0
votes
0
answers
22
views
Why does this stack array result in getline creating a segfault? [duplicate]
This code works if you remove the array, but I don't know why, and it always segfaults before the printing during the getline function. Why does it do this, and how do I fix it? My actual code looks a ...
- 167